There are recognized diagnostic criteria for a first ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP) episode, but not for recurrences. A panel of 36 European experts reached consensus on the classification and Samir JABER Reducing risk for ventilator associated pneumonia through nursing sensitive interventions ScienceDirect Ventilator Associated Brain Injury Study shows preclinical and clinical studies suggest that mechanical ventilation contributes to hippocampal apoptosis, maladaptive vagal and purinergic signaling, neuroinflammation, blood brain barrier Diagnostic value of procalcitonin in ventilator associated pneumonia ScienceDirect